The Union League, a secret organization of Unionists, was organized before the close of the Civil War. It supported black suffrage, (southern) state reconstruction and a new constitution.

One of the first Texas state presidents was George T. Ruby, born in New York. [Ruby was to testify at the Congressional hearings investigating the exodus movement.]

" The Union League Movement in the Deep South ..." by M. W. F i t z g e r a l d, is another addition to the body of Reconstruction resources.